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The development history of disperse dyes

2021-03-31

The development history of disperse dyes Disperse dye is a kind of dye which is slightly soluble in water and is highly dispersed in water by the action of dispersant. Disperse dyes do not contain water-soluble groups and have a low molecular weight. Although they contain polar groups (such as hydroxyl, amino, hydroxyalkylamino, cyanoalkylamino, etc.), they are still non-ionic dyes.

Such dyes require high post-treatment requirements, and usually need to be ground by a grinder in the presence of a dispersant to become highly dispersed and stable crystal particles before they can be used. The dye liquor of disperse dye is a uniform and stable suspension.

Disperse dyes were produced by the Baden Aniline Soda Company in Germany in 1922 and are mainly used for dyeing polyester fibers and acetate fibers. At that time, it was mainly used for dyeing acetate fiber. After the 1950s, with the emergence of polyester fiber, it developed rapidly and became a major product in the dye industry. Disperse dyes can be divided into azo type, anthraquinone type and heterocyclic type according to their molecular structure. They are named according to certain principles (see dyes) and are numbered uniformly according to the "Dye Index" (abbreviated as C.I.). ①The azo-type chromatogram is complete, with various colors such as yellow, orange, red, purple, and blue. Azo-type disperse dyes can be produced according to general azo dye synthesis methods, with simple process and low cost. ②The anthraquinone type has red, purple, blue and other colors. ③Heterocyclic type is a newly developed type of dyes with bright colors. The production process of anthraquinone-type and heterocyclic-type disperse dyes is more complicated and costly.

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