The main auxiliaries and functions of cationic dyes.

The main auxiliaries and functions of cationic dyes.

1) Acetic acid. Adjust the pH of the dye bath when dyeing with cationic dyes; improve the solubility of dyes.

2) Sodium acetate. Cationic dyes stabilize the pH of the dye bath during dyeing; reduce the dye uptake rate and have a slow dyeing effect.

3) Yuanming powder (salt). Cationic dyes are added to the dyeing bath as an electrolyte during dyeing to reduce the dye uptake rate and have a slow dyeing effect.

4) Retarder (leveling agent). Cationic dyes reduce the dye uptake rate and obtain uniform dyeing effects. There are cationic and anionic types.

Cationic: It is mainly combined with the acidic groups on the fiber, and then replaced by the dye cation.

Anionic: It is mainly combined with the cation of the dye and then released as the temperature of the dye bath increases.

Model-free: weak acid, neutral salt (such as sodium sulfate), inhibit the ionization of fiber acid groups, and metal ions bind preferentially to the acid groups on the fiber to delay dye uptake.