Zinc Oxide for Ceramic Semiconductor

Zinc Oxide for Ceramic Semiconductor

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Zinc oxide is used as a ceramic semiconductor material in the electrical industry

Zinc oxide is an important ceramic semiconductor material with excellent nonlinear coefficient, wide range of varistor voltage (a few tenths of volts to tens of kilovolts), small voltage temperature coefficient, fast time response, and small leakage current. Insoluble in water, soluble in acid and alkali, it is an amphoteric oxide.

The crystals of zinc oxide for ceramic semiconductors are hexagonal crystals, and zinc oxide crystals or polycrystals that meet the stoichiometric relationship at room temperature have very few conductive carriers and have the performance of an insulator. Zinc oxide for ceramic semiconductors is treated at high temperature in the air and will become incomplete crystals that deviate from the stoichiometric relationship due to excess or deficiency of oxygen, that is, non-stoichiometric crystals containing oxygen deficiencies or oxygen interstitial zinc. The free electrons or holes are greatly increased, and the zinc oxide for ceramic semiconductor changes from a white insulator to a blue black semiconductor.

Zinc oxide ceramic semiconductor manufacturing method:

Add appropriate amount of other oxides or salts, such as Bi2O3, Sb2O3, Co2O3, MnO, Cr2O3, Al2O3 or Al(NO3)2, as additives to zinc oxide for ceramic semiconductors, and form and sinter according to the general ceramic process to produce Zinc oxide semiconducting porcelain, its conductivity is between the conductor and the insulator.

Zinc oxide ceramics made of zinc oxide for ceramic semiconductors can have many different functions:

1. Zinc oxide semiconductor ceramics with additives such as Bi2O3 or Pr2O3 and unsaturated transition metal oxides Co2O3 and MnO2 have excellent non-linear volt-ampere characteristics, and high resistance at low voltage. After the voltage increases to a certain value, the porcelain body becomes It can pass through a good conductor with a transient current density of 102～103A/cm2. Its volt-ampere characteristic is generally expressed by I∝Uα, and the non-linear index α can be greater than 30; this ceramic is called a pressure-sensitive zinc oxide ceramic. The varistor made of varistor zinc oxide ceramic is an important device for overvoltage protection in the field of electrical technology.

2. Add SnO, ZrO2, Ga2O3, etc. to make porous ceramics. The pores are equivalent to an open capillary structure. The specific surface area is large. It can adsorb or condense water vapor and other gases. Depending on the added ingredients, it can be made into moisture sensitive or H2, CO and other sensitive ceramic sensitive devices.

3. Used as a catalyst for chemical reactions. Zinc oxide ceramics are simple in technology, stable in performance, and rich in raw materials. It is an industrial material with important development prospects.